Cov txheej txheem
1. Txhim kho cov tshuaj solubility
3. Txhim khu cov tshuaj ruaj khov
4. Siv raws li cov chaw tsim tshuaj
5. Kev tswj hwm cov qauv tshuaj tawm
6. Daim ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj
7. Daim ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj ua kua
1. Txhim kho cov tshuaj solubility
Hauv kev tsim kev tshuaj thiab kev tsim khoom, ntau cov tshuaj muaj solubility tsis tshua muaj neeg muaj kuab lom vim yog lawv cov qauv nyuaj. Qhov no cuam tshuam txog cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov thiab lwm qhov chaw, ua rau muaj kev nqus tau cov tshuaj tsis zoo. Polyvinylprolidone (PVP) coj kev cia siab rau kev daws cov teeb meem no.
Lub Lactam pawg hauv PvP molecule yog hydecuel, thiab cov molecular saw yog helical, uas tuaj yeem tsim lub microenviron tshwj xeeb rau cov tshuaj molecules. Thaum PvP los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj tsis zoo, nws yuav disperse soluble tshuaj, nws yuav tawg thiab encaporulation cov kev sib cuam tshuam thiab van der waals rog los tsim cov khoom siv ruaj khov los yog complex.
Noj naproxen ua piv txwv, nws nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej, thiab nws cov kev sib cais thiab kev nqus tau tom qab qhov ncauj tau qeeb, uas txwv nws txoj kev ua tau zoo. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv PVP rau kev npaj ntawm napmroxen, thiab lub txiaj ntsig napric kua tau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo kawg nkaus txawm tias tom qab tau khaws cia hauv chav sov rau ob peb hlis.
Ib yam li ntawd, hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev npaj ntawm indomethacin thiab Chloramphenicol, Pvp pom solubilization nyhuv. Indomethacin tsis zoo Soluble, uas cuam tshuam nws cov bioavailability. Tom qab kev qhia ntawm PvP, cov tshuaj sib nrauj thiab kev nqus tau zoo dua, cov tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav tau nce, thiab cov tshuaj kho kom zoo dua, thiab kev kho kom zoo dua, thiab cov tshuaj kho kom zoo dua, thiab cov kev kho mob tau nce, thiab cov tshuaj kho kom tau zoo dua. Chloramphenicol yog qhov zoo dua soluble nrog kev pab ntawm PVP, thiab tau txais kev ua haujlwm rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob sib kis.
1. TSEEM CEEB HEEV RAU COV NEEG SAIB XYUAS
Hauv kev npaj ntawm cov tshuaj tswj-tso cov ntsiav tshuaj, PVP yog lub tub ntxhais lub cev tub ceev xwm lossis tus neeg sawv cev. Tom qab cov ntsiav tshuaj nkag rau hauv plab hnyuv, dej nkag mus rau, thiab pvp swells nrog dej los ua cov txheej gel. Cov tshuaj yog maj mam tso tawm los ntawm cov kab ntawm no txheej los ntawm diffusion thiab skeleton dissolution. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau hloov kho cov nqi, hnyav thiab sib piv ntawm pvp kom paub tswj tau cov tshuaj muab tso tawm kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau. Piv txwv li, rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob plawv tswj cov ntsiav tshuaj, tom qab ua kom zoo dua PVP tsis muaj zog, cov tshuaj yog tso tawm stably thiab uniformly rau 24 teev kom muaj kev tswj ntshav.
2. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txhim kho ntawm kev hloov pauv
Hauv kev txhim kho ntawm transdermal patches, pvp nanofibers tau ua nrog kev pab ntawm electrospinning thev naus laus zis muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Nws cov chaw tshwj xeeb thaj tsam tuaj yeem thauj cov tshuaj ntau, thiab lub pore loj tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li xav tau. Hauv kev tawm hauv zos xws li cov tshuaj aspirin thiab ibuprofen, siv tshuaj txhuam hniav nyob hauv thaj chaw hauv zos thiab kev sim siab, tshem tawm qhov mob hnyav thiab kev mob tshwm sim.
3. Kev ua kom zoo ntawm kev tso yeeb tshuaj tso tawm hauv kev poob qis
Hauv daim teb ntawm qhov muag poob, pvp tuaj yeem ntxiv rau kho viscosity, ncua kev siv yeeb tshuaj, thiab cia cov tshuaj yuav maj mam thiab tsis tu ncua tawm hauv lub qhov muag. Piv txwv li, tom qab ntxiv pvp rau kev kho mob rau kev kho mob ntawm Glausucoma, cov tshuaj ua tau zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev dua, thiab txhim kho kev kho mob.
4. Muaj peev xwm thov nthuav dav nyob rau hauv lwm cov kev xa tshuaj
Nyob rau hauv cov khoom xa tshuaj tawm ntawm cov tshuaj, PVP muaj peev xwm zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub micrasphere npaj, pvp koom nrog hauv kev npaj, cuam tshuam rau tsom iav kev ua tsis haum thiab kev tso tshuaj yeeb. Hauv kev tiv thaiv qog paj nruag, PVP pab cov tshuaj yuav maj mam tso tawm hauv zos hauv cov qog, txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab txo cov kev ua tau zoo thiab txo cov kev ua tau zoo thiab txo kev phiv. Hauv cov tshuaj liposome tshuaj, pvp hloov tau saum npoo, tswj kev tshuaj tshuaj, txhim kho cov hom phiaj thiab ruaj khov, thiab pab kho cov kab mob loj.
3. Txhim khu cov tshuaj ruaj khov
Thaum cov yeeb siv tshuaj thiab siv, oxygen thiab noo noo yog "kev ua txhaum" uas hem tias lawv muaj kev phom sij. Thaum cov pab pawg nquag ntawm cov pab pawg yeeb tshuaj los rau hauv kev sib cuag lossis dej, lawv nquag siv oxidation thiab hydrolysis, ua rau cov tshuaj mus rau tsis zoo thiab txo nws txoj kev ua tau zoo. Polyvinylprolidone (PVP) tiv thaiv cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm nrog nws cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb.
PVP Molecules muaj cov pab pawg nquag xws li nitrogen atoms thiab carborony pawg los ntawm hydrogen bonds, van der waals rog, thiab electrostatic cuam tshuam. Lub PVP Molecular Chain qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab yeeb yaj kiab, sib sau ib qho kev tiv thaiv cov pa thiab dej, txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phiv tshuaj.
Noj cov vitamins ua piv txwv. Vitamin C muaj zog txo thaj chaw, thiab pawg enediol yooj yim oxidized thiab inactivated. Tom qab sib txuas nrog PVP, ob daim ntawv nyob ruaj khov ntawm hydrogen bonds. PVP block oxygen, heev maj mam qeeb ntawm cov vitamidation ntawm vitamidation ntawm cov vitamin C, thiab nthuav tawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev npaj ob peb zaug. Vitamin E yog cov roj-soluble thiab yooj yim oxidized nyob rau hauv lub teeb, kub thiab aerobic ib puag ncig. Pvp ua ke nrog nws tsis yog txhim kho nws cov kev tsis sib xws hauv cov aqueous nyob rau hauv aqueous daws, txhim kho nws lub txee pov tseg, thiab ua kom nws cov nyhuv antioxidant.
4. Siv raws li cov chaw tsim tshuaj
Nyob rau hauv daim teb ntawm kev npaj tshuaj, pvp yog dav siv thiab muaj ntau lub zog. It can be used as a variety of pharmaceutical excipients such as binders, excipients, coating agents, disintegrants, cosolvents, bactericides and disinfectants, solubilizers, sustained-release agents, capsule shells, dispersants, stabilizers, film-forming agents, etc. In the tablet preparation scenario, PVP is added to the tablet sugar coating slurry or film txheej daws. Nws cov qauv molecular muaj peev xwm ua tau cov khoom sib txuas zoo nrog cov ntsiav tshuaj hauv cov nplaum ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj, tso cai rau txheej txheem kom haum kom haum. Hauv zaj duab xis coating daws nrog cov xim yuav tsum tau, paub meej cov xim sib txawv, kom muaj kev sib luag zoo thiab txhim kho cov tsos ntawm cov tshuaj.
5. Kev tswj hwm cov qauv tshuaj tawm
1. Tus yuam sij rau PVP kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj tso tawm yeeb lus nyob hauv nws tus kheej. Thaum PVP conventration yog kho tau, thaum lub siab yog qhov siab, tus nqi sib txawv, cov tshuaj tso tawm tau qeeb qeeb, thiab cov tshuaj yog kev tso tawm.
2. Cov molecular hnyav ntawm PVP tseem cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tso tawm yeeb tshuaj. High molecular hnyav pvp muaj cov saw hlau ntev thiab muaj zog ua kom cov tshuaj, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev khiav dim. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev muab cov nyhuv tswj tau thiab ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ntev.
3. Noj tshuaj tua kab mob ua piv txwv, pvp thiab qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau npaj rau hauv cov tshuaj hauv lub cev. Qhov no zoo kawg li cas rau lub sijhawm tshuaj ua ke, txo cov naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mob noj tshuaj, txhim kho kev kho tshuaj kho mob kom yooj yim thiab ua tau zoo dua.
6. Daim ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj
Hauv cov teb ntawm cov tshuaj muaj zog, PVP tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li "ntau tus neeg muaj txuj ci". Raws li cov phau ntawv, nws tuaj yeem ua hmoov yeeb tshuaj uas sib txuas nrog txhua lwm yam, kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv dosage ruaj khov xws li cov ntsiav tshuaj yog tsim. Thaum ua yeeb yam li cov kua los, nws pab kom yaj tsis zoo cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj nqus cov tshuaj nqus hauv lub cev. Nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj ua yeeb yaj kiab lub tsho thiab tshuaj ntsiav plhaub plhaub plhaub, PVP qhia tau kev ua tau zoo heev. Cov plhaub tau ua yog tawv thiab ruaj khov rau hauv ib puag ncig qhuav thiab tsis yooj yim tawg. Thaum tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm PVP yog cleverly sib xyaw ua ke nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj kev sib txuam nrog cov tshuaj sib tw ua ke rau cov khoom siv sib txawv rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tshuaj khov kho.
7. Daim ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj ua kua
Hauv kev txhaj tshuaj, PVP cov yeeb yam muab ob npaug rau ob lub koomhaum tshwj xeeb nrog cov tshuaj. Cov pab pawg tshwj xeeb hauv nws cov qauv molecular nyiam cov tshuaj molecules los ua cov koom haum ua ke. Cov txheej txheem no tsis yog ua kom cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov kuab tshuaj thiab nag lossis daus tom ntej Txog kev thov cov tee qhov muag, PVP muaj cov biocompatibility zoo thiab tuaj yeem txo cov dej nyab ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau lub qhov muag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws cov kev mob viscirecosity tuaj yeem ncua lub qhov muag poob ntawm lub qhov muag, txhim kho cov nyhuv muag, thiab coj cov neeg mob sib luag dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua.
PVP yog qhov tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv kev tso tawm tshuab tawm los ntawm nws cov ntawv thov hauv kev txhim kho cov tshuaj solubility, txhim kho cov nqi tso tawm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tso tshuaj.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm solubility, PVP ua cov tshuaj tsis zoo los yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo, pab kom nqus tau lub cev, thiab ua kom lub hauv paus rau cov khoom noj kom zoo. Hais txog kev ruaj khov, PVP siv Hydrogen Bonds thiab van der waolen thiab noo noo, thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm ntim khoom thiab tsheb thauj mus los.
Hauv cov tshuaj tso tawm tus nqi tswj, PVP yog siv tshuab pob txha rau kev tswj cov ntsiav tshuaj, nanofibers rau kev hloov pauv thaj, thiab dauv qhov muag kom haum viscosity. PVP yog kev tswj hwm yog tso tawm raws li cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab cov kev xav tau kev kho mob. Cov tshuaj muaj cov ntshav yooj yim ua kom pom tias cov tshuaj txuas ntxiv mus ua kom lub chaw kho kom zoo, thiab txo cov kev mob tshuaj lom los ntawm ntau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yog txuas ntxiv thiab cov koob tshuaj lom zem yog txo qis, uas txhim kho kev ua raws li cov tshuaj kho mob thiab ua kom tiav kev txhim kho ntawm kev kho mob.